Almutary, Hayfa; Douglas,
Clint; Bonner, Ann
436 people with stage 4 and 5 chronic kidney disease were recruited to explore the existence of symptom clusters in advanced chronic kidney disease. . Five symptom clusters were consistently identified across all symptom dimensions, with clusters ranging from 2-10 symptoms. Adopting a symptom cluster approach has the potential to significantly advance symptom assessment and nursing care for people in advanced stages of chronic kidney disease.